4.7. Engine lubrication system
The scheme of circulation of oil in the engineOil filter. 4-cylinder petrol engine 111
Oil filter. 6-cylinder petrol engine 112
Oil filter. Diesel engines
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1 — the Set of sealing rings 2 — the Filtering element 3 — a distribution mechanism Casing 4 — the Cover of an oil filter |
5 — Sealing laying of the oil cooler 6 — the Oil cooler 7 — the Bolt |
Engines are equipped with the circulating lubrication system under pressure.
The oil pump sucks in oil through a grid from the pallet of a case and gives it under pressure to system through an oil filter. At the exit from the oil pump there is a reducing valve. At increase in pressure above the established value the valve opens and a part of oil merges back in the case pallet.
Through the central opening of an oil filter oil comes directly to the main canal. At a contamination of an oil filter perepuskny the valve directs oil to system to not filtered.
From the trunk oil main channels for lubricant of bearings of a bent shaft branch off. Through inclined openings in a bent shaft oil moves to conrod bearings. For cooling of pistons oil is injected on them from below through nozzles.
At the same time oil through vertical galleries reaches heads of cylinders and arrives for lubricant of bearings of camshafts and elements of valvate mechanisms of system of gas distribution.
Depending on engine capacity oil can be cooled in the additional oil cooler located sideways, at the case of an oil filter and included in an engine cooling system contour.
Oil consumption
At internal combustion engines the consumption of oil is understood as its such quantity which is consumed owing to combustion process. It is not necessary to confuse an oil consumption to its loss arising owing to leakage of the pallet of a case, a cover a head of cylinders, etc.
The normal consumption of oil arises owing to combustion of a small amount of oil in cylinders, owing to branch with products of combustion and products of wear. Besides, oil is lost owing to the high temperatures of combustion and high pressure taking place during the operation of the engine. Also external service conditions, such as management style the car, and also admissions of production of details of the engine exert impact on a consumption of oil. The consumption of oil should not exceed 0.8 l / 1000 km.
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Do not fill in oil above the mark Max at all. If the excess amount of oil was poured, it is necessary to remove it. Otherwise the catalytic converter since not burned down oil gets to system of release can be damaged. |